Monday, July 16, 2018

Causes of sore throat

 Swollen lymph nodes
Sore throat on one side in man holding sides of neck.
Some illnesses and conditions cause soreness on only one side of the throat.
The body's lymph nodes act as filters, helping to identify and trap germs, such as viruses and bacteria, before they can infect other areas. As they do this, the lymph nodes may swell up and become sore.


The lymph nodes closest to the throat are on either side of the neck. These nodes can cause a feeling of soreness when they become swollen or inflamed.

Many illnesses and infections lead to swollen lymph nodes. Sometimes only one node in the area is sore, which can cause a sore throat on one side.

Some conditions that may lead to swollen lymph nodes include:

a cold or flu
strep throat
an ear infection
an infected tooth, or tooth abscess
mononucleosis, sometimes called "mono"
infections in the skin
cancer
HIV
2. Postnasal drip
Many common viral illnesses, such as a cold or flu, can cause a sore throat. In these cases, the throat may only be sore on one side.


When the nose is congested, mucus and fluid drain down the back of the throat. This is known as postnasal drip. Continual drainage can irritate the throat, leading to a feeling of soreness or scratchiness.

A specific part of the throat may become more irritated by drainage. It may feel like one side is raw and inflamed.

Antibiotics cannot treat or weaken viral illnesses. If a cold, flu, or another viral illness is causing the sore throat, treatment will likely involve rest and fluids.

3. Tonsillitis
Tonsillitis describes inflammation of one or more tonsil. The tonsils are located at the back of the throat, and a virus or bacterium usually causes the infection and inflammation.

An infection in just one tonsil can cause pain on one side. It may also cause a fever, trouble swallowing, and noisy breathing.

Bacterial tonsillitis usually resolves with antibiotic treatment.



4. Peritonsillar abscess
Doctor inspecting patients throat with another doctor, using tongue decompressor.
A peritonsillar abscess requires immediate medical attention.
An abscess is a contained, pus-filled lump within tissue. It is usually caused by a bacterial infection.

A peritonsillar abscess forms in the tissues near the tonsils, usually when tonsillitis becomes severe or is left untreated. It may cause intense pain on one side of the throat. It may also cause fever, swollen lymph nodes, and trouble swallowing.

A person with a peritonsillar abscess requires urgent medical care. In severe cases, it can interfere with breathing.

The abscess may need to be drained by a doctor. Antibiotics are also used to treat the underlying infection.

5. Injury to the throat
Many things can injure the back of the mouth or throat, including:


burns from hot food or liquid
food with sharp edges, such as chips or crackers
endotracheal intubation, which is the insertion of a tube down the throat to help with breathing
If one side of the throat is sore from being scraped or burned, gargling with warm salt water may help to soothe symptoms.

6. GERD
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a condition that causes the stomach's contents, including stomach acid, to back up into the food pipe and throat.

GERD may be worse at night and when lying down. If stomach acid backs up when a person is lying on their side, it may lead to soreness on one side of the throat.

Other symptoms of GERD include:


pain or burning in the middle of the chest
the feeling of a lump or object in the throat
hoarseness
a dry cough
burning in the mouth
If GERD goes untreated for too long, it can damage the food pipe and throat. The condition is treatable with medications and lifestyle changes.

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